Abstract
According to the latest estimates of the World Health Organization, more than 1 billion people in the world are overweight. In economically developed countries, the proportion of the population with overweight reaches almost 50 %, of which 30 % are obese. In Russia, on average, 30 % of people of working age are obese and 25 % are overweight. Despite the significant economic costs for the prevention and treatment of obesity, mortality at the age of 20–35 with morbid obesity exceeds the average statistical 12 times, mainly from cardiovascular complications. The guidelines provides principles of perioperative management of patients with obesity.References
- Bellami M., Struys М. Anesthesia for the Overweight and Obese Patient. 2007; 234 р. DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199233953.001.0001
- Sung Y.A., Oh J.Y., Lee H. Comparison of the body adiposity index to body mass index in Korean women. Yonsei Med J. 2014; 55(4): 1028–35. DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.4.1028
- Habib S. S. Body mass index and body fat percentage in assessment of obesity prevalence in saudi adults. Biomed Environ Sci. 2013; 26(2): 94–9. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3238/supp-1
- Lin X.J., Wang C.P., Liu X.D., et al. Body mass index and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2014; 44(9): 783–91. DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyu082
- Javed A., Jumean M., Murad M.H., et al. Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Obes. 2015; 10(3): 234–44. DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.242
- Cerhan J.R., Moore S.C., Jacobs E.J., et al. A pooled analysis of waist circumference and mortality in 650,000 adults. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014; 89(3): 335–45. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.11.011
- Florath I., Brandt S., Weck M.N., et al. Evidence of inappropriate cardiovascular risk assessment in middle-age women based on recommended cut-points for waist circumference. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014; 24(10): 1112–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.04.005
- Tanamas S.K., Shaw J.E., Backholer K., et al. Twelve-year weight change, waist circumference change and incident obesity: the Australian diabetes, obesity and lifestyle study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014; 22(6): 1538–45. DOI: 10.1002/oby.20704
- Nunes C.N., Minicucci M.F., Farah E., et al. Impact of different obesity assessment methods after acute coronary syndromes. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2014; 103(1): 19–24. doi.org/10.5935/abc.20140073
- Zhou H.C., Lai Y.X., Shan Z.Y., et al. Effectiveness of different waist circumference cut-off values in predicting metabolic syndrome prevalence and risk factors in adults in China. Biomed Environ Sci. 2014; 27(5): 325–34. DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.065904
- Labib M. The investigation and management of obesity. Clin Pathol. 2003; 56: 17–25. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.56.1.17
- Nagappa M., Liao P., Wong J., et al. Validation of the STOP-Bang Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Different Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2015; 10(12): e0143697. DOI: 10.1371/journal.p one.0143697
- Khanna A.K., Sessler D.I., Sun Z., et al. Using the STOP-BANG questionnaire to predict hypoxaemia in patients recovering from noncardiac surgery: a prospective cohort analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2016; 116(5): 632–40. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143697
- Chudeau N., Raveau T., Carlier L., et al. The STOP-BANG questionnaire and the risk of perioperative respiratory complications in urgent surgery patients: A prospective, observational study. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2016; 35(5): 347–353. DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2016.01.006
- Corso R.M., Petrini F., Buccioli M., et al. Clinical utility of preoperative screening with STOP-Bang questionnaire in elective surgery. Minerva Anestesiol. 2014; 80(8): 877–84. DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.19.14308-8
- Chung F., Yegneswaran B., Liao P. STOP questionnaire: a tool to screen patients for obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiology. 2008; 108: 812–821. DOI: 10.1097/sa.0b013e31818bcea2
- Bradley T.D., Floras J.S. Obstructive sleep apnea and its cardiovascular consequences. Larnet. 2009; 373: 82–93. DOI: 10.1201/b15277
- Somers V.K., White D.P., Amin R. Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2008; 118: 1080–1111. DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-0398-6.00079-2
- Kaw R., Bhateja P., Paz Y., Mar H., et al. Postoperative Complications in Patients with Unrecognized Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome Undergoing Elective Noncardiac Surgery. Chest. 2016; 149(1): 84–91. DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-3216
- Fernandez A.Z. Jr., Demaria E.J., Tichansky D.S., et al. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for death following gastric bypass for treatment of morbid obesity. Ann Surg. 2004; 239(5): 698–702. DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000124295.41578.ab
- Lumachi F., Marzano B., Fanti G., et al. Hypoxemia and hypoventilation syndrome improvement after laparoscopic bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity. In: Vivo. 2010; 24(3): 329–31. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00144.s001
- Raveendran R., Wong J., Singh M., et al. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome, sleep apnea, overlap syndrome: perioperative management to prevent complications. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2017; 30(1): 146–155. DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000000421
- Davis G., Patel J.A., Gagne D.J. Pulmonary considerations in obesity and bariatric surgical patient. Med Clin N Am. 2007; 91: 433–442. DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2007.02.001
- Mokhlesi B., Tulaimat A. Recent advances in obesity hypoventilation syndrome. 2007; 132: 1322–1336. DOI: 10.1378/chest.07-0027
- Crummy F., Piper A.J., Naughton M.T. Obesity and the lung. Thorax. 2008; 63: 738–746. DOI: 10.1136/thx.2007.086843
- Adams J.P., Murphy P.G. Obesity in anaesthesia and intensive care. Br J Anaesth. 2000; 85: 91–108. DOI: 10.1093/bja/85.1.91
- Hines R.L., Marschall K.E. Anesthesia and Co-Existing Disease. 2008; 195 p. DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-3998-3.10003-x
- Lavi R., Segal D., Ziser A. Predicting difficult airways using the intubation difficulty scale: a study comparing obese and non-obese patients. J Clin Anesth. 2009; 21(4): 264–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2008.08.021
- Williamson J.A., Webb R.K., Szekely S., et al. The Australian Incident Monitoring Study. Difficult intubation: an analysis of 2000 incident reports. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1993; 21(5): 602–7. DOI: 10.1177/0310057×9302100518
- Lima Filho J.A., Ganem E.M., de Cerqueira B.G. Reevaluation of the airways of obese patients undergone bariatric surgery after reduction in body mass index. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2011; 61(1): 31–40. DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7094(11)70004-6
- Tatlıpınar A., Kınal E. Links and risks associated with adenotonsillectomy and obesity. Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2015; 6: 123–127. DOI: 10.2147/phmt.s66730
- Langeron O., Masso E., Huraux C., et al. Prediction of difficult mask ventilation. Anesthesiology; 92: 1229–1236. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200005000-00009
- Cattano D., Katsiampoura A., Corso R.M., et al. Predictive factors for difficult mask ventilation in the obese surgical population. F1000Res. 2014; 3: 239. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.5471.1
- Bozkurt B., Aguilar D., Deswal A., et al. Contributory Risk and Management of Comorbidities of Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, and Metabolic Syndrome in Chronic Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016; 134(23): 535–578. DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000450
- Kenchaiah S., Evans J.C., Levy D., et al. Obesity and the risk of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347(5): 305–13. DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa020245
- Nagarajan V., Cauthen C.A., Starling R.C., et al. Prognosis of morbid obesity patients with advanced heart failure. Congest Heart Fail. 2013; 19(4): 160–4. DOI: 10.1111/chf.12038
- Alpert M. A. Obesity cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology and evolution of the clinical syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2001; 321: 225–236. DOI: 10.1097/00000441-200104000-00003
- Poirier P., Giles T.D., Bray G.A., et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology, evaluation, and effect of weight loss: an update of the 1997 American Heart Association scientific statement on obesity and heart disease from the Obesity Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation. 2006; 113: 898–918. DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.171016
- Paulus W.J., Tschope C., Sanderson J.E., et al. How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2007; 28(20): 2539–2550. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm380
- Национальные рекомендации ОССН, РКО и РНМОТ по диагностике и лечению ХСН (четвертый пересмотр) 2012 г. Сердечная недостаточность. 2013; 14(7): 35. DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2475 [Natsionalnyye rekomendatsii OSSN. RKO i RNMOT po diagnostike i lecheniyu KhSN (chetvertyy peresmotr) 2012 g. Serdechnaya nedostatochnost. 2013; 14(7): 35. (In Russ)]
- Morbid obesity. Perioperative management. Alvarez A., et al., eds. 2010; 246 p. DOI: 10.19052/ruls.vol1.iss77.6
- Crujeiras A.B., Díaz-Lagares A., Carreira M.C., et al. Oxidative stress associated to dysfunctional adipose tissue: a potential link between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer. Free Radic Res. 2013; 47(4): 243–56. DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.772604
- Frank G.R., Fox J., Candela N., et al. Severe obesity and diabetes insipidus in a patient with PCSK1 deficiency. Mol Genet Metab. 2013; 110(1–2): 191–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.04.005
- Fronczyk A., Molęda P., Safranow K., et al. Increased concentration of C-reactive protein in obese patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity and presence of diabetes but not with macrovascular and microvascular complications or glycemic control. Inflammation. 2014; 37(2): 349–57. DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9746-4
- Lim R.B., Chen C., Naidoo N., et al. Anthropometrics indices of obesity, and all-cause and cardiovascular disease-related mortality, in an Asian cohort with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab. 2015; 41(4): 291–300. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2014.12.003
- Hossain P., Kawar B., El Nahas M. Obesity and diabetes in the developing world: a growing challenge. N Engl J Med. 2007; 356: 213–215. doi.org/10.1056/nejmp068177
- Рекомендации по диабету, предиабету и сердечно-сосудистым заболеваниям. EASD/ESC 2013 Российский кардиологический журнал. 2014; 3(107): 7–61. DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2020.04.007 [Rekomendatsii po diabetu. prediabetu i serdechno-sosudistym zabolevaniyam. EASD/ESC 2013 Rossiyskiy kardiologicheskiy zhurnal. 2014; 3(107): 7–61. (In Russ)]
- Mahajan V., Hashmi J., Singh R., et al. Comparative evaluation of gastric pH and volume in morbidly obese and lean patients undergoing elective surgery and effect of aspiration prophylaxis. J Clin Anesth. 2015; 27(5): 396–400. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2015.03.004
- Cook-Sather S.D., Gallagher P.R., Kruge L.E., et al. Overweight/obesity and gastric fluid characteristics in pediatric day surgery: implications for fasting guidelines and pulmonary aspiration risk. Anesth Analg. 2009; 109(3): 727–36. DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181b085ff. doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e3181b085ff
- Wang T.F., Milligan P.E., Wong C.A., et al. Efficacy and safety of high-dose thromboprophylaxis in morbidly obese inpatients. Thromb Haemost. 2014; 111(1): 88–93. DOI: 10.1160/th13-01-0042
- Steele K.E., Canner J., Prokopowicz G., et al. The EFFORT trial: Preoperative enoxaparin versus postoperative fondaparinux for thromboprophylaxis in bariatric surgical patients: a randomized double-blind pilot trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015; 11(3): 672–83. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.10.003
- Ho K.M., Bham E., Pavey W. Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism and Benefits and Risks of Thromboprophylaxis After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015; 4(10): e002652. DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002652
- Steib A., Degirmenci S.E., Junke E., et al. Once versus twice daily injection of enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis in bariatric surgery: effects on antifactor Xa activity and procoagulant microparticles. A randomized controlled study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016; 12(3): 613–621. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.08.505
- Dixon B.J., Dixon J.B., Carden J.R., et al. Preoxygenation is more effective in the 25 degrees head-up position than in the supine position in severely obese patients: a randomized controlled study. Anesthesiology. 2005; 102(6): 1110–5. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200506000-00009
- Lane S., Saunders D., Schofield A., et al. A prospective, randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of pre-oxygenation in the 20 degrees head-up vs supine position. Anaesthesia. 2005; 60(11): 1064–7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2005.04374.x
- Rao S.L., Kunselman A.R., Schuler H.G., Des Harnais S. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in the head-elevated position in obese patients: a randomized, controlled, equivalence trial. Anesth Analg. 2008; 107(6): 1912–8. DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31818556ed
- Valenza F., Vagginelli F., Tiby A., et al. Effects of the beach chair position, positive end-expiratory pressure, and pneumoperitoneum on respiratory function in morbidly obese patients during anesthesia and paralysis Anesthesiology. 2007; 107(5): 725–32. DOI: 10.1097/01.anes.0000287026.61782.a6
- Brodsky J.B., Lemmens H.J., Brock-Utne J.G., et al. Morbid obesity and tracheal intubation. Anesth Analg. 2002; 94: 3732–3736. DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200203000-00047
- Cortínez L.I., Gambús P., Trocóniz I.F., et al. Obesity does not influence the onset and offset of sevoflurane effect as measured by the hysteresis between sevoflurane concentration and bispectral index. Anesth Analg. 2011; 113(1): 70–6. DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31821f105c
- Pal D., Walton M.E., Lipinski W.J., et al. Determination of minimum alveolar concentration for isoflurane and sevoflurane in a rodent model of human mebolic syndrome. Anesth Analg. 2012 Feb; 114(2): 297–302. doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e31823ede22
- Gaszyński T., Wieczorek A. A comparison of BIS recordings during propofol-based total intravenous anaesthesia and sevoflurane-based inhalational anaesthesia in obese patients. Anaesth Intensive Ther. 2016; 48(4): 239–247. DOI: 10.1177/0310057×1804600509
- McKay R.E., Malhotra A., Cakmakkaya O.S., et al. Effect of increased body mass index and anaesthetic duration on recovery of protective airway reflexes after sevoflurane vs desflurane. Br J Anaesth. 2010 Feb; 104(2): 175–82. DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep374
- El-Baraky I.A., Abbassi M.M., Marei T.A., et al. Obesity Does Not Affect Propofol Pharmacokinetics During Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2016; 30(4): 876–83. DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2016.02.003
- Tachibana N., Niiyama Y., Yamakage M. Evaluation of bias in predicted and measured propofol concentrations during target-controlled infusions in obese Japanese patients: an open-label comparative study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2014 Dec; 31(12): 701–7. DOI: 10.1097/eja.0000000000000154
- Juvin P., Vadam C., Malek L., et al. Postoperative recovery after desflurane, propofol, or isoflurane anesthesia among morbidly obese patients: a prospective, randomized study. Anesth Analg. 2000; 91: 714–719. DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200009000-00041
- Strum E.M., Szenohradszki J., Kaufman W.A., et al. Emergence and recovery characteristics of desflurane versus sevoflurane in morbidly obese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized study. Anesth Analg. 2004; 99: 1848–1853. DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000136472.01079.95
- Baerdemaeker L.E., Struys М.М. Optimization of desflurane administration in morbidly obese patients. Br J Anesth. 2003; 91(5): 638–650. DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeg236
- La Colla L., Albertin A., La Colla G., et al. Predictive performance of the ‘Minto’ remifentanil pharmacokinetic parameter set in morbidly obese patients ensuing from a new method for calculating lean body mass. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2010; 49(2): 131–9. DOI: 10.2165/11317690-000000000-00000
- Shibutani K., Inchiosa M.A. Jr., Sawada K., et al. Pharmacokinetic mass of fentanyl for postoperative analgesia in lean and obese patients. Br J Anaesth. 2005; 95(3): 377–83. DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199902001-00378
- Harbut P., Gozdzik W., Stjernfält E., et al. Continuous positive airway pressure/pressure support pre-oxygenation of morbidly obese patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2014; 58(6): 675–80. DOI: 10.1111/aas.12317
- Cressey D.M., Berthoud M.C., Reilly C.S. Effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure to enhance pre-oxygenation in morbidly obese women. Anaesthesia. 2001 Jul; 56(7): 680–4. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.01374-3.x
- Delay J.M., Sebbane M., Jung B., et al. The effectiveness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation to enhance preoxygenation in morbidly obese patients: a randomized controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2008; 107(5): 1707–13. DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318183909b
- Rajan S., Joseph N., Tosh P., et al. Effects of Preoxygenation with Tidal Volume Breathing Followed by Apneic Oxygenation with and without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Duration of Safe Apnea Time and Arterial Blood Gases. Anesth Essays Res. 2018; 12(1): 229–233. DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_219_17
- Wong D.T., Dallaire A., Singh K.P., et al. High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Improves Safe Apnea Time in Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Analg. 2019; 129(4): 1130–1136. DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003966
- Stéphan F., Bérard L., Rézaiguia-Delclaux S. High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy Versus Intermittent Noninvasive Ventilation in Obese Subjects After Cardiothoracic Surgery. Respir Care. 2017; 62(9): 1193–1202. DOI: 10.4187/respcare.05473
- Groves N., Tobin A. High flow nasal oxygen generates positive airway pressure in adult volunteers. Aust Crit Care. 2007; 20: 126–131. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2007.08.001
- Anzueto A., Frutos-Vivar F., Esteban A., et al. Influence of body mass index on outcome of the mechanically ventilated patients. Thorax. 2011; 66(1): 66–73. DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.145086
- Ortiz V.E., Vidal-Melo M.F., Walsh J.L. Strategies for managing oxygenation in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015; 11(3): 721–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.11.021
- Fernandez-Bustamante A., Wood C.L., Tran Z.V., et al. Intraoperative ventilation: incidence and risk factors for receiving large tidal volumes during general anesthesia. BMC Anesthesiol. 2011; 11: 22. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2253-11-22
- Coussa M., Proietti S., Schnyder P., et al. Prevention of atelectasis formation during the induction of general anesthesia in morbidly obese patients. Anesth Analg. 2004; 98(5): 1491–5. DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000111743.61132.99
- Pelosi P., Ravagnan I., Giurati G., et al. Positive end-expiratory pressure improves respiratory function in obese but not in normal subjects during anesthesia and paralysis. Anesthesiology. 1999; 91(5): 1221–31. DOI: 10.1097/00132586-200012000-00043
- Nestler C., Simon P., Petroff D., et al. Individualized positive end-expiratory pressure in obese patients during general anaesthesia: a randomized controlled clinical trial using electrical impedance tomography. Br J Anaesth. 2017 Dec 1; 119(6): 1194–1205. DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex192
- Tafer N., Nouette-Gaulain K., Richebé P., et al. Effectiveness of a recruitment manoeuvre and positive end-expiratory pressure on respiratory mechanics during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2009; 28(2): 130–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2008.12.022
- Chalhoub V., Yazigi A., Sleilaty G., et al. Effect of vital capacity manoeuvres on arterial oxygenation in morbidly obese patients undergoing open bariatric surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2007; 24(3): 283–8. DOI: 10.1017/s0265021506001529
- Almarakbi W.A., Fawzi H.M., Alhashemi J.A. Effects of four intraoperative ventilatory strategies on respiratory compliance and gas exchange during laparoscopic gastric banding in obese patients. Br J Anaesth. 2009; 102(6): 862–8. DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep084
- Whalen F.X., Gajic O., Thompson G.B. The effects of the alveolar recruitment maneuver and positive end-expiratory pressure on arterial oxygenation during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Anesth Analg. 2006; 102: 298–305. DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000183655.57275.7a
- Talab H.F., Zabani I.A., Abdelrahman H.S., et al. Intraoperative ventilatory strategies for prevention of pulmonary atelectasis in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Anesth Analg. 2009; 109(5): 1511–6. DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181ba7945
- Wei K., Min S., Cao J., et al. Repeated alveolar recruitment maneuvers with and without positive end-expiratory pressure during bariatric surgery: a randomized trial. Minerva Anestesiol. 2018; 84(4): 463–472. DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0000530016.91344.81
- Writing Committee for the PROBESE Collaborative Group of the PROtective VEntilation Network (PROVEnet) for the Clinical Trial Network of the European Society of Anaesthesiology, Bluth T, Serpa Neto A, Effect of Intraoperative High Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) With Recruitment Maneuvers vs Low PEEP on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Obese Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019; 321(23): 2292–2305. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.7505
- Ball L., Hemmes S.N.T., Serpa Neto A., Bluth T. Intraoperative ventilation settings and their associations with postoperative pulmonary complications in obese patients. Br J Anaesth. 2018; 121(4): 899–908. DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.04.021
- Tusman G., Groisman I., Fiolo F.E., et al. Noninvasive monitoring of lung recruitment maneuvers in morbidly obese patients: The role of pulse oximetry and volumetric capnography. Anesth Analg. 2014; 118: 137–44. DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000438350.29240.08
- Kim H.J., Kim W.H., Lim H.W., et al. Obesity is independently associated with spinal anesthesia outcomes: a prospective observation study. PLoS One. 2015; 10(4): 0124264. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124264
- Rodrigues F.R., Brandão M.J. Regional anesthesia for cesarean section in obese pregnant women: a retrospective study. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2011; 61(1): 13–20. DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7094(11)70002-2
- Nielsen K.C., Guller U., Steele S.M., et al. Influence of obesity on surgical regional anesthesia in the ambulatory setting: an analysis of 9,038 blocks. Anesthesiology. 2005; 102(1): 181–7. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200501000-00027
- Ikramuddin S., Blackstone R.P., Brancatisano A., et al. Effect of reversible intermittent intra-abdominal vagal nerve blockade on morbid obesity: the ReCharge randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014; 312(9): 915–22. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2014.10540
- Symeonidis D., Baloyiannis I., Georgopoulou S., et al. Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair in obese patients under spinal anesthesia. Int J Surg. 2013; 11(9): 926–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.07.002
- Tonidandel A., Booth J., D’Angelo R. Anesthetic and obstetric outcomes in morbidly obese parturients: a 20-year follow-up retrospective cohort study. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2014; 23(4): 357–64. DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0000472733.35350.93
- Sudré E.C., de Batista P.R., Castiglia Y.M. Longer Immediate Recovery Time After Anesthesia Increases Risk of Respiratory Complications After Laparotomy for Bariatric Surgery: a Randomized Clinical Trial and a Cohort Study. Obes Surg. 2015; 25(11): 2205–12. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-015-1855-8
- Loupec T., Frasca D., Rousseau N., et al. Appropriate dosing of sugammadex to reverse deep rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in morbidly obese patients. Anaesthesia. 2016; 71(3): 265–72. DOI: 10.1111/anae.13344
- Llauradó S., Sabaté A., Ferreres E., et al. Postoperative respiratory outcomes in laparoscopic bariatric surgery: comparison of a prospective group of patients whose neuromuscular blockade was reverted with sugammadex and a historical one reverted with neostigmine. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2014; 61(10): 565–70. DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2013.11.009
- Monk T.G., Rietbergen H., Woo T., et al. Use of Sugammadex in Patients with Obesity: A Pooled Analysis. Am J Ther. 2017; 24(5): 507–e516. DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2013.11.009
- Carron M., Galzignato C., Godi I., et al. Benefit of sugammadex on lung ventilation evaluated with electrical impedance tomography in a morbidly obese patient undergoing bariatric surgery. J Clin Anesth. 2016; 31: 78–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.01.018
- Castro D.S. Jr., Leão P., Borges S., et al. Sugammadex reduces postoperative pain after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a randomized trial. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2014 Oct; 24(5): 420–3. DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000049
- Mahul M., Jung B., Galia F., et al. Spontaneous breathing trial and post-extubation work of breathing in morbidly obese critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2016; 20(1): 346. DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1457-4
- Lin H.T., Ting P.C., Chang W.Y., et al. Predictive risk index and prognosis of postoperative reintubation after planned extubation during general anesthesia: a single-center retrospective case-controlled study in Taiwan from 2005 to 2009. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2013; 51(1): 3–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.aat.2013.03.004
- Parlow J.L., Ahn R., Milne B. Obesity is a risk factor for failure of “fast track” extubation following coronary artery bypass surgery. Can J Anaesth. 2006; 53(3): 288–94. DOI: 10.1007/bf03022217
- El-Solh A.A., Aquilina A., Pineda L., et al. Noninvasive ventilation for prevention of post-extubation respiratory failure in obese patients. Eur Respir J. 2006; 28(3): 588–95. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.06.00150705
- Nava S., Gregoretti C., Fanfulla F., et al. Noninvasive ventilation to prevent respiratory failure after extubation in high-risk patients. Crit Care Med. 2005 Nov; 33(11): 2465–70. DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000186416.44752.72
- Lin C., Yu H., Fan H., et al. The efficacy of noninvasive ventilation in managing postextubation respiratory failure: a meta-analysis. Heart Lung. 2014; 43(2): 99–104. DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2014.01.002
- Ziemann-Gimmel P., Hensel P., Koppman J., et al. Multimodal analgesia reducesnarcotic requirements and antiemetic rescue medication in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastricbypass surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013; 9(6): 975–80. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2013.02.003
- Song K., Melroy M.J., Whipple O.C. Optimizing multimodal analgesia with intravenousacetaminophen and opioids in postoperative bariatric patients. Pharmacotherapy. 2014; 34(1): 14–21. DOI: 10.1002/phar.1517
- Madan A.K., Ternovits C.A., Speck K.E., et al. Inpatient pain medicationrequirements after laparoscopic gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2005; 15(6): 778–81. DOI: 10.1381/0960892054222812
- Karlnosk R.A., Sprenker C., Puri S., et al. Reduced postoperative pain and complications after a modified multidisciplinary approach for bariatric surgery. Open Obes J. 2013; 5: 60–4. DOI: 10.2174/1876823720130508009
- Эпштейн С.Л. Периоперационное анестезиологическое обеспечение больных с морбидным ожирением. Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли. 2012. 6(3): 5–27. DOI: 10.21518/2079-701X-2013-5-6-17-27 [Epshteyn S.L. Perioperatsionnoye anesteziologicheskoye obespecheniye bolnykh s morbidnym ozhireniyem. Regionarnaya anesteziya i lecheniye ostroy boli. 2012. 6(3): 5–27. (In Russ)]
- Zotou A., Siampalioti A., Tagari P., et al. Does epiduralmorphine loading in addition to thoracic epidural analgesia benefit the postoperative management of morbidly obese patients undergoing open bariatric surgery? A pilot study. Obes Surg. 2014; 24(12): 2099–108. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-014-1305-z
- Schumann R., Shikora S., Weiss J.M., et al. A comparison of multimodal perioperative analgesia to epidural pain management after gastric bypass surgery. Anesth Analg. 2003; 96(2): 469–74. DOI: 10.1213/00000539-200302000-00032
- Michaloudis D., Fraidakis O., Petrou A., et al. Continuous spinal anesthesia/analgesia for perioperative management of morbidly obese patients undergoing laparotomy for gastroplastic surgery. Obes Surg. 2000; 10(3): 220–9. DOI: 10.1381/096089200321643494
- Nielsen K.C., Guller U., Steele S.M., et al. Influence of obesity on surgical regional anesthesia in the ambulatory setting: an analysis of 9,038 blocks. Anesthesiology. 2005; 102(1): 181–7. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200501000-00027
- Franco C.D., Gloss F.J., Voronov G., et al. Supraclavicular block in the obese population: an analysis of 2020 blocks. Anesth Analg. 2006; 102(4): 1252–4. DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000198341.53062.a2
- Schroeder K., Andrei A.C., Furlong M.J., et al. The perioperative effect of increased body mass index on peripheral nerve blockade: an analysis of 528 ultrasound guided interscalene blocks. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2012; 62(1): 28–38. DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7094(12)70100-9
- Naja Z.M., Naccache N., Ziade F., et al. Multilevel nerve stimulator guided paravertebral block as a sole anesthetic technique for breast cancer surgery in morbidly obese patients. J Anesth. 2011; 25(5): 760–4. DOI: 10.1007/s00540-011-1194-4
- Brodsky J.B., Mariano E.R. Regional anaesthesia in the obese patient: lost landmarks and evolving ultrasound guidance. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2011; 25(1): 61–72. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2010.12.005
- Rottenstreich A., Levin G., Elchalal U., et al. The effect on thrombin generation and anti-Xa levels of thromboprophylaxis dose adjustment in post-cesarean obese patients — A prospective cohort study. Thromb Res. 2018; 170: 69–74. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.08.007
- Rottenstreich A., Elazary R., Yuval J.B., et al. Assessment of the procoagulant potential after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a potential role for extended thromboprophylaxis. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018; 14(1): 1–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.09.526
- Moaad F., Zakhar B., Anton K., et al. Is LMWH Sufficient for Anticoagulant Prophylaxis in Bariatric Surgery? Prospective Study. Obes Surg. 2017; 27(9): 2331–2337. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2638-1
- Moulin P.A., Dutour A., Ancel P., et al. Perioperative thromboprophylaxis in severely obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery: insights from a French national survey. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017 Feb; 13(2): 320–326. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.08.497
- Steib A., Degirmenci S.E., Junke E., et al. Once versus twice daily injection of enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis in bariatric surgery: effects on antifactor Xa activity and procoagulant microparticles. A randomized controlled study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016; 12(3): 613–621. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.08.505
- Magee C.J., Barry J., Javed S., et al. Extended thromboprophylaxis reduces incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism in laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2010; 6(3): 322–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2010.02.046
- Rocha A., et al. Risk of venous thromboembolism and efficacy of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized obese medical patients and in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2006; 16(12): 1645–1655. DOI: 10.1381/096089206779319383
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2021 ANNALS OF CRITICAL CARE